Complexity Theory
Aus International Center for Computational Logic
Complexity Theory
Lehrveranstaltung mit SWS 4/2/0 (Vorlesung/Übung/Praktikum) in WS 2023
Dozent
Tutor
Umfang (SWS)
- 4/2/0
Module
Leistungskontrolle
- Mündliche Prüfung
Vorlesungsreihe
Announcements
- Regarding the oral examinations, please register with your respective examination offices and, afterward, make an appointment with Kati Domann.
Contents
This course covers the fundamental concepts as well as advanced topics of complexity theory.
Key topics are:
- Turing Machines (revision): Definition of Turing Machines; Variants; Computational Equivalence; Decidability and Recognizability; Enumeration
- Undecidability: Examples of Undecidable Problems; Mapping Reductions; Rice’s Theorem (both for characterizing Decidability and Recognizability); Recursion Theorem; Outlook into Decidability in Logic
- Time Complexity: Measuring Time Complexity; Many-One Reductions; Cook-Levin Theorem; Time Complexity Classes (P, NP, ExpTime); NP-completeness; pseudo-NP-complete problems
- Space Complexity: Space Complexity Classes (PSpace, L, NL); Savitch’s Theorem; PSpace-completeness; NL-completeness; NL = coNL
- Diagonalization: Hierarchy Theorems (det. Time, non-det. Time, Space); Gap Theorem; Ladner’s Theorem; Relativization; Baker-Gill-Solovay Theorem
- Alternation: Alternating Turing Machines; APTime = PSpace; APSpace = ExpTime; Polynomial Hierarchy
- Circuit Complexity: Boolean Circuits; Alternative Proof of Cook-Levin Theorem; Parallel Computation (NC); P-completeness; P/poly; (Karp-Lipton Theorem, Meyer’s Theorem)
- Probabilistic Computation: Randomized Complexity Classes (RP, PP, BPP, ZPP); Sipser-Gács-Lautemann Theorem
- Quantum Computing: Quantum circuits, BQP, some basic results
Mode of Teaching and Registration
The course generally does not require a special registration and there is no limit for participants. However, students in programmes that use the Selma system (esp. students in CMS Master) will need to register there to obtain credits. Most of the materials will be freely available world-wide.
Contact
Besides the regular meetings in the lectur(Habs heute auch nochmal in der Übung erwähnt.)  es and exercise classes, you can also contact the teachers and other students in the public discussion channel on Matrix shown on the side.
Acknowledgements
The slides for some of the foundational lectures of this course are based on slides used by Markus Krötzsch for the course Complexity Theory at the University of Oxford, which were adopted from slides created by Stefan Kreutzer and Ian Horrocks for that course.
Further material has been prepared first by Daniel Borchmann during his time at TU Dresden.
Schedule and Location
All dates will be published on this page (see Dates & Materials above).
- The weekly lecture sessions will take place on Mondays DS2 (9.20 - 10.50) in REC C118 (Recknagelbau C118, Haeckelstraße 3) and Tuesdays DS2 (9.20 - 10.50) in APB E005.
- The weekly exercise session will take place on Wednesdays DS3 (11.10 - 12.40) in APB E005.
- Important: Stay informed about current covid-19 regulations of TU Dresden.
- Michael Sipser: Introduction to the Theory of Computation, International Edition; 3rd Edition; Cengage Learning 2013
- Introductory text that covers all basic topics in this lecture.
- Erich Grädel: Complexity Theory; Lecture Notes, Winter Term 2009/10. Available online at https://logic.rwth-aachen.de/Teaching/KTQC-WS09/index.html.en
- Free lecture notes with a general overview of main results; more detailed than Sipser on oracles and alternation; main reference for randomized computation
- John E. Hopcroft and Jeffrey D. Ullman: Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation; Addison Wesley Publishing Company 1979
- The Cinderella Book; contains a lot of information not contained in most other books; the hierarchy of undecidable problems as well as Rice' characterization of recognizable properties of recognizable languages are from here.
- Christos H. Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity; 1995 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc
- Standard reference text for many advanced aspects on complexity theory; the proofs of the Linear Speedup Theorem, the Gap Theorem, and Ladner's Theorem as given in the lecture are from here
- Sanjeev Arora and Boaz Barak: Computational Complexity: A Modern Approach; Cambridge University Press 2009
- Extensive book covering the state of the art of Complexity Theory
- Michael R. Garey and David S. Johnson: Computers and Intractability; Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. 1979
- The classical book on Complexity Theory; contains a long list of problems with their complexities
Veranstaltungskalender abonnieren (icalendar)
| Vorlesung | Introduction and Motivation | DS2, 9. Oktober 2023 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | Turing Machines and Languages | DS2, 10. Oktober 2023 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | Undecidability | DS2, 16. Oktober 2023 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | Undecidability and Recursion | DS2, 17. Oktober 2023 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Übung | Mathematical Foundations, Decidability, and Recognisability | DS3, 18. Oktober 2023 in APB E005 | Datei |
| Vorlesung | Time Complexity and Polynomial Time (1) | DS2, 23. Oktober 2023 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | Time Complexity and Polynomial Time (2) | DS2, 24. Oktober 2023 in APB E005 | |
| Übung | Undecidability | DS3, 25. Oktober 2023 in APB E005 | Datei |
| Vorlesung | Nondeterministic Polynomial Time | DS2, 30. Oktober 2023 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Entfällt | Reformation Day | DS2, 31. Oktober 2023 in APB E005 | |
| Übung | Time Complexity | DS3, 1. November 2023 in APB E005 | Datei |
| Vorlesung | NP-Completeness | DS2, 6. November 2023 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | NP-Complete Problems | DS2, 7. November 2023 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Übung | NP-Completeness | DS3, 8. November 2023 in APB E005 | Datei |
| Vorlesung | Space Complexity | DS2, 13. November 2023 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | Polynomial Space | DS2, 14. November 2023 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Übung | Space Complexity | DS3, 15. November 2023 in APB E005 | Datei |
| Vorlesung | Games/Logarithmic Space | DS2, 20. November 2023 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | Hierarchy Theorems | DS2, 21. November 2023 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Entfällt | Day of Prayer and Repentance | DS3, 22. November 2023 in APB E005 | |
| Vorlesung | Space Hierarchy and Gaps | DS2, 27. November 2023 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | P vs. NP: Ladner's Theorem | DS2, 28. November 2023 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Übung | Space Complexity (cont'd) | DS3, 29. November 2023 in APB E005 | |
| Vorlesung | P vs. NP and Diagonalisation | DS2, 4. Dezember 2023 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | Alternation | DS2, 5. Dezember 2023 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Übung | Diagonalisation | DS3, 6. Dezember 2023 in APB E005 | Datei |
| Vorlesung | The Polynomial Hierarchy | DS2, 11. Dezember 2023 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | Polynomial Hierarchy / Circuit Complexity | DS2, 12. Dezember 2023 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Übung | Alternation | DS3, 13. Dezember 2023 in APB E005 | Datei |
| Vorlesung | Circuits and Parallel Computation | DS2, 18. Dezember 2023 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Übung | Polynomial Hierarchy | DS2, 19. Dezember 2023 in APB E005 | Datei |
| Entfällt | moved to December 19 | DS3, 20. Dezember 2023 in APB E005 | |
| Entfällt | Christmas Break | DS2, 25. Dezember 2023 in REC C118 | |
| Entfällt | Christmas Break | DS2, 26. Dezember 2023 in APB E005 | |
| Entfällt | Christmas Break | DS3, 27. Dezember 2023 in APB E005 | |
| Entfällt | Christmas Break | DS2, 1. Januar 2024 in REC C118 | |
| Entfällt | Christmas Break | DS2, 2. Januar 2024 in APB E005 | |
| Entfällt | Christmas Break | DS3, 3. Januar 2024 in APB E005 | |
| Vorlesung | Probabilistic Turing Machines | DS2, 8. Januar 2024 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | Probabilistic Complexity Classes (1) | DS2, 9. Januar 2024 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Übung | Circuit Complexity | DS3, 10. Januar 2024 in APB E005 | Datei |
| Vorlesung | Probabilistic Complexity Classes (2) | DS2, 15. Januar 2024 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | Quantum Computing (1) | DS2, 16. Januar 2024 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Übung | Randomised Computation | DS3, 17. Januar 2024 in APB E005 | Datei |
| Vorlesung | Quantum Computing (2) | DS2, 22. Januar 2024 in REC C118 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Vorlesung | Interactive Proof Systems (1) | DS2, 23. Januar 2024 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Übung | Quantum Computing | DS3, 24. Januar 2024 in APB E005 | Datei |
| Vorlesung | Interactive Proof Systems (2) | DS2, 29. Januar 2024 in REC C118 | |
| Vorlesung | Summary and Consultation | DS2, 30. Januar 2024 in APB E005 | Datei 1, Datei 2 |
| Übung | Quantum Computing (cont.) / Exercises from IPS Lecture | DS3, 31. Januar 2024 in APB E005 |
Kalender
