Complexity Theory

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Complexity Theory

Lehrveranstaltung mit SWS 4/2/0 (Vorlesung/Übung/Praktikum) in WS 2023

Dozent

Tutor

Umfang (SWS)

  • 4/2/0

Module

Leistungskontrolle

  • Mündliche Prüfung

Matrix-Kanal

Vorlesungsreihe


Contents

This course covers the fundamental concepts as well as advanced topics of complexity theory.

Key topics are:

  • Turing Machines (revision): Definition of Turing Machines; Variants; Computational Equivalence; Decidability and Recognizability; Enumeration
  • Undecidability: Examples of Undecidable Problems; Mapping Reductions; Rice’s Theorem (both for characterizing Decidability and Recognizability); Recursion Theorem; Outlook into Decidability in Logic
  • Time Complexity: Measuring Time Complexity; Many-One Reductions; Cook-Levin Theorem; Time Complexity Classes (P, NP, ExpTime); NP-completeness; pseudo-NP-complete problems
  • Space Complexity: Space Complexity Classes (PSpace, L, NL); Savitch’s Theorem; PSpace-completeness; NL-completeness; NL = coNL
  • Diagonalization: Hierarchy Theorems (det. Time, non-det. Time, Space); Gap Theorem; Ladner’s Theorem; Relativization; Baker-Gill-Solovay Theorem
  • Alternation: Alternating Turing Machines; APTime = PSpace; APSpace = ExpTime; Polynomial Hierarchy
  • Circuit Complexity: Boolean Circuits; Alternative Proof of Cook-Levin Theorem; Parallel Computation (NC); P-completeness; P/poly; (Karp-Lipton Theorem, Meyer’s Theorem)
  • Probabilistic Computation: Randomized Complexity Classes (RP, PP, BPP, ZPP); Sipser-Gács-Lautemann Theorem
  • Quantum Computing: Quantum circuits, BQP, some basic results

Mode of Teaching and Registration

The course generally does not require a special registration and there is no limit for participants. However, students in programmes that use the Selma system (esp. students in CMS Master) will need to register there to obtain credits. Most of the materials will be freely available world-wide.

Contact

Besides the regular meetings in the lectures and exercise classes, you can also contact the teachers and other students in the public discussion channel on Matrix shown on the side.

Acknowledgements

The slides for some of the foundational lectures of this course are based on slides used by Markus Krötzsch for the course Complexity Theory at the University of Oxford, which were adopted from slides created by Stefan Kreutzer and Ian Horrocks for that course.

Further material has been prepared first by Daniel Borchmann during his time at TU Dresden.

Schedule and Location

All dates will be published on this page (see Dates & Materials above).

  • The weekly lecture sessions will take place on Mondays DS2 (9.20 - 10.50) and Tuesdays DS2 (9.20 - 10.50) in APB E005. The room for the Monday session DS2 will be announced soon.
  • The weekly exercise session will take place on Tuesdays DS5 (14.50 - 16.20) in APB E005.
  • Important: Stay informed about current covid-19 regulations of TU Dresden.
  • Michael Sipser: Introduction to the Theory of Computation, International Edition; 3rd Edition; Cengage Learning 2013
Introductory text that covers all basic topics in this lecture.
Free lecture notes with a general overview of main results; more detailed than Sipser on oracles and alternation; main reference for randomized computation
  • John E. Hopcroft and Jeffrey D. Ullman: Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation; Addison Wesley Publishing Company 1979
The Cinderella Book; contains a lot of information not contained in most other books; the hierarchy of undecidable problems as well as Rice' characterization of recognizable properties of recognizable languages are from here.
  • Christos H. Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity; 1995 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc
Standard reference text for many advanced aspects on complexity theory; the proofs of the Linear Speedup Theorem, the Gap Theorem, and Ladner's Theorem as given in the lecture are from here
  • Sanjeev Arora and Boaz Barak: Computational Complexity: A Modern Approach; Cambridge University Press 2009
Extensive book covering the state of the art of Complexity Theory
  • Michael R. Garey and David S. Johnson: Computers and Intractability; Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. 1979
The classical book on Complexity Theory; contains a long list of problems with their complexities

Veranstaltungskalender abonnieren (icalendar)

Vorlesung Introduction DS2, 9. Oktober 2023 in APB E008
Vorlesung Turing Machines and Languages DS2, 10. Oktober 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung Undecidability DS2, 16. Oktober 2023 in APB E008
Vorlesung Undecidability (continued) DS2, 17. Oktober 2023 in APB E005
Übung Mathematical Foundations, Decidability, and Recognisability DS5, 17. Oktober 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung Undecidability and Recursion DS2, 23. Oktober 2023 in APB E008
Vorlesung Time Complexity and Polynomial Time DS2, 24. Oktober 2023 in APB E005
Übung Undecidability DS5, 24. Oktober 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung Time Complexity and Polynomial Time (continued) DS2, 30. Oktober 2023 in APB E008
Entfällt Reformation Day (Public Holiday) DS2, 31. Oktober 2023 in APB E005
Entfällt Reformation Day (Public Holiday) DS5, 31. Oktober 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung NP DS2, 6. November 2023 in APB E008
Vorlesung NP-Completeness DS2, 7. November 2023 in APB E005
Übung Time Complexity DS5, 7. November 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung NP-Complete Problems DS2, 13. November 2023 in APB E008
Vorlesung Space Complexity DS2, 14. November 2023 in APB E005
Übung NP and NP-Completeness (continued) DS5, 14. November 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung Polynomial Space DS2, 20. November 2023 in APB E008
Vorlesung Polynomial Space (continued) DS2, 21. November 2023 in APB E005
Übung NP-Completeness and Time Complexity DS5, 21. November 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung Games/Logarithmic Space DS2, 27. November 2023 in APB E008
Vorlesung The Time Hierarchy Theorem DS2, 28. November 2023 in APB E005
Übung Space Complexity DS5, 28. November 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung Space Hierarchy and Gaps DS2, 4. Dezember 2023 in APB E008
Übung Space Complexity (continued) DS5, 5. Dezember 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung P vs. NP: Ladner's Theorem DS5, 5. Dezember 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung P vs. NP and Diagonalisation DS2, 11. Dezember 2023 in APB E008
Vorlesung P vs. NP and Diagonalisation (continued) DS5, 12. Dezember 2023 in APB E005
Übung Diagonalisation DS5, 12. Dezember 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung Alternation DS2, 18. Dezember 2023 in APB E008
Vorlesung The Polynomial Hierarchy DS2, 19. Dezember 2023 in APB E005
Übung Diagonalisation and Alternation DS5, 19. Dezember 2023 in APB E005
Vorlesung The Polynomial Hierarchy / Circuit Complexity DS2, 8. Januar 2024 in APB E008
Vorlesung Circuits for Parallel Computation DS2, 9. Januar 2024 in APB E005
Übung Polynomial Hierarchy DS5, 9. Januar 2024 in APB E005
Vorlesung Probabilistic Turing Machines DS2, 15. Januar 2024 in APB E008
Vorlesung Probabilistic Complexity Classes (1) DS2, 16. Januar 2024 in APB E005
Übung Alternation DS5, 16. Januar 2024 in APB E005
Vorlesung Probabilistic Complexity Classes (2) DS2, 22. Januar 2024 in APB E008
Vorlesung Quantum Computing (1) DS2, 23. Januar 2024 in APB E005
Übung Circuit Complexity DS5, 23. Januar 2024 in APB E005
Vorlesung Quantum Computing (2) DS2, 29. Januar 2024 in APB E008
Vorlesung Interactive Proof Systems DS2, 30. Januar 2024 in APB E005
Übung Probabilistic TMs and Complexity Classes DS5, 30. Januar 2024 in APB E005


Kalender