Abstract Argumentation

Argumentation is one of the major fields in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Numerous applications in diverse domains like legal reasoning, multi-agent systems, social networks, e-government, decision support and many more make this topic very interdisciplinary and lead to a wide range of different formalizations.

Out of them the concept of abstract Argumentation Frameworks (AFs) is one of the most popular approaches to capture certain aspects of argumentation. This very simple yet expressive model has been introduced by Phan Minh Dung in 1995. Arguments and a binary attack relation between them, denoting conflicts, are the only components one needs for the representation of a wide range of problems and the reasoning therein.

Nowadays numerous semantics exist to solve the inherent conflicts between the arguments by selecting sets of “acceptable” arguments. Depending on the application, acceptability is defined in different ways.

Former Research Associate
Knowledge-Based Systems

Journal Articles

Ringo Baumann, Hannes Straß
An Abstract, Logical Approach to Characterizing Strong Equivalence in Non-monotonic Knowledge Representation Formalisms
Artificial Intelligence, 305:103680, April 2022
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Nikolai Käfer, Christel Baier, Martin Diller, Clemens Dubslaff, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Holger Hermanns
Admissibility in Probabilistic Argumentation
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 74:957-1004, June 2022
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Sebastian Rudolph, Hannes Straß
On the Decomposition of ADFs and the Complexity of Naive-based Semantics
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 70:1-64, January 2021
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Thomas Linsbichler, Marco Maratea, Stefan Woltran
Design and results of the second international competition on computational models of argumentation
Artificial Intelligence, 279:103193, February 2020
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Thomas Linsbichler, Marco Maratea, Stefan Woltran
Summary Report of the Second International Competition on Computational Models of Argumentation
AI Magazine, 39(4):77-79, December 2018
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Federico Cerutti, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Matthias Thimm, Johannes Peter Wallner
Foundations of Implementations for Formal Argumentation
The IfCoLog Journal of Logics and their Applications; Special Issue Formal Argumentation, 4:2623-2705, September 2017
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Wolfgang Dvořák, Sarah Alice Gaggl
Stage semantics and the SCC-recursive schema for argumentation semantics
Journal of Logic and Computation, 26(4):1149-1202, August 2016
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Günther Charwat, Wolfgang Dvořák, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Johannes Peter Wallner, Stefan Woltran
Methods for Solving Reasoning Problems in Abstract Argumentation – A Survey
Artificial Intelligence Journal, 220(0):28-63, March 2015
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Norbert Manthey, Alessandro Ronca, Johannes Peter Wallner, Stefan Woltran
Improved Answer-Set Programming Encodings for Abstract Argumentation
Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP), 15(4-5):434-448, September 2015
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Stefan Woltran
The cf2 argumentation semantics revisited
Journal of Logic and Computation, 23(5):925-949, 2013
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Uwe Egly, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Stefan Woltran
Answer-set programming encodings for argumentation frameworks
Argument & Computation, 1(2):147-177, 2010
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Proceedings Articles

Stefan Ellmauthaler, Lukas Gerlach
ADF-BDD.DEV: Debug Abstract Dialectical Frameworks with Binary Decision Diagrams
The Fourth Workshop on Explainable Logic-Based Knowledge Representation (XLoKR 2023), September 2023
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Stefan Ellmauthaler, Lukas Gerlach
ADF-BDD.DEV: Insights to undecided Statements in Abstract Dialectical Frameworks
In Gianvincenzo Alfano, Stefano Ferilli, eds., Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Advances in Argumentation in Artificial Intelligence (AI^3 2023) co-located with the 22nd International Conference of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence (AIxIA 2023), Rome, Italy, November 9, 2023, volume 3546 of CEUR Workshop Proceedings, December 2023. CEUR-WS.org
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Raimund Dachselt, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Markus Krötzsch, Julián Méndez, Dominik Rusovac, Mei Yang
NEXAS: A Visual Tool for Navigating and Exploring Argumentation Solution Spaces
In Francesca Toni, eds., Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2022), volume 220146 of FAIA, 116-127, September 2022. IOS Press
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Ridhwan Dewoprabowo, Johannes Klaus Fichte, Piotr Gorczyca, Markus Hecher
A Practical Account into Counting Dung’s Extensions by Dynamic Programming
In Georg Gottlob, Daniela Inclezan, Marco Maratea, eds., Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Logic Programming and Non-monotonic Reasoning (LPNMR 2022), volume 13416 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 387-400, 2022. Springer
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Martin Diller, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Piotr Gorczyca
Strategies in Flexible Dispute Derivations for Assumption-Based Argumentation
In Sarah A. Gaggl, Jean-Guy Mailly, Matthias Thimm, Johannes P. Wallner, eds., Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Systems and Algorithms for Formal Argumentation (SAFA 2022), volume 3236, 59-72, October 2022. CEUR-WS
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Stefan Ellmauthaler, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Dominik Rusovac, Johannes P. Wallner
ADF - BDD : An ADF Solver Based on Binary Decision Diagrams
In Francesca Toni, eds., Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2022), volume 220146 of FAIA, 355-356, September 2022. IOS Press
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Christel Baier, Martin Diller, Clemens Dubslaff, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Holger Hermanns, Nikolai Käfer
Admissibility in Probabilistic Argumentation
In Meghyn Bienvenu, Gerhard Lakemeyer, Esra Erdem, eds., Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR 2021), 87-98, November 2021
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Martin Diller, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Piotr Gorczyca
Flexible Dispute Derivations with Forward and Backward Arguments for Assumption-Based Argumentation
In Pietro Baroni, Christoph Benzmüller, Yì N. Wán, eds., Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Logic and Argumentation (CLAR 2021), volume 13040 of LNCS, 147-168, 2021. Springer
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Wolfgang Dvořák, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Anna Rapberger, Johannes Peter Wallner, Stefan Woltran
The ASPARTIX System Suite
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2020), volume 326 of Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, 461-462, September 2020
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Mei Yang, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Sebastian Rudolph
Neva – Extension Visualization for Argumentation Frameworks
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2020), volume 326 of Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, 477-478, September 2020
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Umer Mushtaq
Intertranslatability of Labeling-based Argumentation Semantics
In Steven Schockaert, Pierre Senellart, eds., Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Scalable Uncertainty Management (SUM 2016), volume 9858 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 155-169, September 2016. Springer
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Thomas Linsbichler, Marco Maratea, Stefan Woltran
Introducing the Second International Competition on Computational Models of Argumentation
In Matthias Thimm, Federico Cerutti, Hannes Strass, Mauro Vallati, eds., Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Systems and Algorithms for Formal Argumentation (SAFA 2016), volume 1672, 4-9, September 2016. CEUR-WS
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Sebastian Rudolph, Hannes Straß
On the Computational Complexity of Naive-based Semantics for Abstract Dialectical Frameworks
In Qiang Yang and Michael Wooldridge, eds., Proceedings of the 24th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2015), AAAI Press, 2985--2991, July 2015. AAAI Press
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Norbert Manthey, Alessandro Ronca, Johannes Peter Wallner, Stefan Woltran
Improved Answer-Set Programming Encodings for Abstract Argumentation
To appear in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP), Proceedings of ICLP 2015, August 2015. arXiv:1507.06689
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Hannes Straß
Decomposing Abstract Dialectical Frameworks
In Simon Parsons, Nir Oren, Chris Reed, Federico Cerutti, eds., Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2014), volume 266 of Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, 281-292, 2014. IOS Press
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Wolfgang Dvořák, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Johannes Peter Wallner, Stefan Woltran
Making Use of Advances in Answer-Set Programming for Abstract Argumentation Systems
In Hans Tompits, Salvador Abreu, Johannes Oetsch, Jörg Pührer, Dietmar Seipel, Masanobu Umeda, Armin Wolf, eds., 19th International Conference, INAP 2011, and 25th Workshop on Logic Programming, WLP 2011, Vienna, Austria, September 28-30, 2011, Revised Selected Papers, volume 7773 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 114-133, 2013. Springer
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Wolfgang Dvořák, Sarah Alice Gaggl
Computational Aspects of cf2 and stage2 Argumentation Semantics
In Bart Verheij, Stefan Szeider, Stefan Woltran, eds., Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2012), volume 245 of Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, 273-284, 2012. IOS Press
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Wolfgang Dvořák, Sarah Alice Gaggl
Incorporating Stage Semantics in the SCC-recursive Schema for Argumentation Semantics
Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Non-Monotonic Reasoning (NMR 2012), June 2012
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Stefan Woltran
Strong Equivalence for Argumentation Semantics Based on Conflict-Free Sets
In Weiru Liu, eds., Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning with Uncertainty (ECSQARU 2011), volume 6717 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 38-49, June 2011. Springer
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Stefan Woltran
cf2 Semantics Revisited
In Pietro Baroni, Federico Cerutti, Massimiliano Giacomin, Guillermo Ricardo Simari, eds., Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2010), volume 216 of Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, 243-254, September 2010. IOS Press
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Sarah Alice Gaggl
Towards a General Argumentation System based on Answer-Set Programming
In Manuel V. Hermenegildo, Torsten Schaub, eds., Technical Communications of the 26th International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2010), volume 7 of LIPIcs, 265-269, July 2010. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik
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Uwe Egly, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Stefan Woltran
ASPARTIX: Implementing Argumentation Frameworks Using Answer-Set Programming
In Maria Garcia de la Banda, Enrico Pontelli, eds., Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Logic Programming, (ICLP 2008), volume 5366 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 734-738, 2008. Springer
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Uwe Egly, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Stefan Woltran
Answer-Set Programming Encodings for Argumentation Frameworks
1st Workshop on Answer Set Programming and Other Computing Paradigms (ASPOCP 2008), 2008
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Book Chapters

Federico Cerutti, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Matthias Thimm, Johannes Peter Wallner
Foundations of Implementations for Formal Argumentation
In Pietro Baroni; Dov Gabbay; Massimiliano Giacomin; Leendert van der Torre, eds., Handbook on Formal Argumentation, chapter Foundations of implementations for formal argumentation, 688-767. College Publications, February 2018
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Wolfgang Dvořák, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Thomas Linsbichler, Johannes Peter Wallner
Reduction-Based Approaches to Implement Modgil’s Extended Argumentation Frameworks
In Eiter, Thomas and Strass, Hannes and Truszczyński, Mirosław and Woltran, Stefan, eds., Advances in Knowledge Representation, Logic Programming, and Abstract Argumentation - Essays Dedicated to Gerhard Brewka on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday, volume 9060 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, chapter Abstract Argumentation, 249-264. Springer International Publishing, 2015
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Sebastian Rudolph, Michaël Thomazo
What Is a Reasonable Argumentation Semantics?
In Eiter, Thomas and Strass, Hannes and Truszczyński, Mirosław and Woltran, Stefan, eds., Advances in Knowledge Representation, Logic Programming, and Abstract Argumentation - Essays Dedicated to Gerhard Brewka on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday, volume 9060 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, chapter Abstract Argumentation, 309-324. Springer International Publishing, 2015
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Wolfgang Dvořák, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Stefan Szeider, Stefan Woltran
Benchmark libraries for argumentation
In Ossowski, Sascha, eds., Agreement Technologies, volume 8 of Law, Governance and Technology Series, chapter The added value of argumentation, 389-393. Springer, 2013
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Edited Proceedings

Sarah Alice Gaggl, Jean-Guy Mailly, Matthias Thimm, Johannes Peter Wallner
The Fourth International Workshop on Systems and Algorithms for Formal Argumentation (SAFA 2022)
Volume 3236, October 2022. CEUR-WS
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Juan Carlos Nieves, Hannes Straß
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Argumentation in Logic Programming and Non-Monotonic Reasoning (Arg-LPNMR 2016)
Volume abs/1611.02439, November 2016. CoRR
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Matthias Thimm
Proceedings of the Second Summer School on Argumentation: Computational and Linguistic Perspectives (SSA'16)
Volume abs/1608.02441, September 2016. CoRR
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Steffen Hölldobler, Markus Krötzsch, Rafael Peñaloza Nyssen, Sebastian Rudolph
KI 2015: Advances in Artificial Intelligence - Proceedings of the 38th Annual German Conference on AI
Volume 9324 of LNAI, 2015. Springer
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Madalina Croitoru, Sebastian Rudolph, Stefan Woltran, Christophe Gonzales
Graph Structures for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning - Third International Workshop, GKR 2013, Beijing, China, August 3, 2013. Revised Selected Papers
Volume 8323 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2014. Springer
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Doctoral Theses

Sarah Alice Gaggl
A Comprehensive Analysis of the cf2 Argumentation Semantics: From Characterization to Implementation
Phd thesis, TU Wien, 2013/03/04
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Technical Reports

Sarah Alice Gaggl, Thomas Linsbichler, Marco Maratea, Stefan Woltran
Design and Results of the Second International Competition on Computational Models of Argumentation
Technical Report, arXiv.org, volume CoRR abs/1909.00621, September 2019
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Wolfgang Dvořák, Sarah Alice Gaggl
Incorporating Stage Semantics in the SCC-recursive Schema for Argumentation Semantics
Technical Report, Technische Universität Wien, volume DBAI-TR-2012-78, 2012
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Stefan Woltran
The cf2 Argumentation Semantics Revisited
Technical Report, Technische Universität Wien, volume DBAI-TR-2012-77, 2012
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Wolfgang Dvořák, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Johannes Peter Wallner, Stefan Woltran
Making Use of Advances in Answer-Set Programming for Abstract Argumentation System
Technical Report, arXiv.org, volume abs/1108.4942, 2011. Paper appears in the Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Applications of Declarative Programming and Knowledge Management (INAP 2011)
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Stefan Woltran
Strong Equivalence for Argumentation Semantics based on Conflict-free Sets
Technical Report, Technische Universität Wien, volume DBAI-TR-2011-68, 2011
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Uwe Egly, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Stefan Woltran
Answer-Set Programming Encodings for Argumentation Frameworks
Technical Report, Technische Universität Wien, volume DBAI-TR-2008-62, 2008
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Talks and Miscellaneous

Martin Diller, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Piotr Gorczyca
flexABle – System Description for ICCMA 2023
System description for ICCMA 2023, 2023
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Sarah Alice Gaggl
Scalable Understanding: Navigation Approaches for Answer Sets
Invited talk at the Artificial Intelligence Group (AIG) at the FernUnversität in Hagen, October 2022
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Sarah Alice Gaggl, Norbert Manthey
ASPARTIX-D Ready for the Competition
Presentation at Argumentation Spring Meeting 2015, Leipzig, April 2015
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Uwe Egly, Sarah Alice Gaggl, Paul Wandl, Stefan Woltran
ASPARTIX Conquers the Web
Software demonstration at the 3rd International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2010), 2010
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Sarah Alice Gaggl
ASPARTIX: A System for Computing Different Argumentation Semantics in Answer-Set Programming
Poster at Advanced Course on Artificial Intelligence Summer School (ACAI 2009), 2009
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